Track 1: Hypertension

Hypertension is a long-term medical condition also known as High Blood Pressure in which the blood pressure in the arteries is constantly elevated. It usually does not cause symptoms but long-term high blood pressure may become a major risk factor for stroke, heart failure, peripheral vascular disease, coronary artery disease, atrial fibrillation, chronic kidney disease, vision loss, and dementia. This session aims to put forward the major diseases related to Hypertension, their diagnosis, treatment and therapies and the latest research and developments. Hypertension can be classified into two major parts, Primary Hypertension and Secondary Hypertension. Primary Hypertension refers to high blood pressure due to non-specific lifestyle and genetic factors. Lifestyle factors such as excess salt in the diet, excess body weight, smoking and use of alcohol increase the risk of Primary Hypertension. Secondary Hypertension refers to High Blood Pressure due to identifiable cause such as chronic kidney disease, narrowing of the kidney arteries, the use of birth control pills, or an endocrine disorder. About 90% to 95% cases are of Primary Hypertension and the rest 5% to 10% are of Secondary Hypertension.

Recommended Conferences

Hypertension Meetings Europe 2018| Cardiovascular Disease Meetings Europe 2018| Stroke Meetings Europe| Hypertension Congress 2018 | Hypertension Conference 2018| Hypertension Conferences Asia | Heart Congress | Hypertension Conference 2018 |

4th International Hypertension Conference & Healthcare, September 10-11, 2018 Zurich, Switzerland| 5th International Conference on Hypertension & Healthcare Conference, October 18-19, 2018 Abu Dhabi, UAE| 3rd  Conference on Hypertension and Cardiovascular Diseases Conference, August 20-21, 2018 Toronto, Canada| Heart Congress Paris | International Conference On Hypertension & Cardiology conference, October 01-03, 2018, Las Vegas, USA| Hypertension Beijing 2018, September 20-23, 2018| Public Health Meetings 2018 | 4th European Forum on Hypertension, Gdynia, May 10-12, 2018|

Related Societies

Austrian Heart Foundation, British Cardiovascular Society, British Heart Foundation, British Hypertension Society, Irish Nurses Cardiovascular Association, European Society of Hypertension, European Stroke Organisation,  Albanian Society of Cardiology, Bosnia and Herzegovina Society of Hypertension, Society for Public Health Education, Global Public Health Program, Mental Health and Psycho-Social Support Network, Movement for Global Mental Health, Mental Health Innovation Network, Mental Health Worldwide, Centre for Global Mental Health, The World Health Organization Mental Health programme, World Federation for Mental Health, The Gulbenkian Global Mental Health Platform, IFRC Reference Centre for Psychosocial Support.

Track 2: Diagnosis, Management & Prevention of Hypertension

Diagnosis of hypertension is conducted on the basis of a persistently high resting blood pressure. Proper blood pressure measurement technique is essential for accurate diagnosis of high blood pressure. Improper measurement of blood pressure is common and can lead to misdiagnosis and misclassification of hypertension. Population strategies and lifestyle changes are required for management and prevention of hypertension. Lifestyle changes are considered to be the first line of action against hypertension. These changes include maintaining normal body weight, reducing dietary sodium intake, limiting alcohol consumption, eating diet rich fruits and vegetables, engaging in regular physical exercises etc. These lifestyle changes are much effective and may lower blood pressure as much as an individual antihypertensive medication. One can combine two or more lifestyle modifications to achieve even better results.

Recommended Conferences

Hypertension Conferences Asia | Hypertension Conference 2018 | Stroke Meetings | Hypertension Meetings  2018 |Heart Failure Events  2018 |  Stroke Meeting Asia Pacific | Hypertension Congress 2018 | Hypertension Conference 2018 | Heart Congress Paris | Heart Congress | Hypertension Conference 2018 |

23^rd European Heart Failure Congress, February 19-21, 2018 Paris, France| 27th European Cardiology Congress, October 19-21, 2018 Rome Italy| 3rd World Heart Congress, April 19-20, 2018 Amsterdam | 24th Annual Cardiologists Conference, June 11-13, 2018 Barcelona, Spain| 3rd Cardiovascular Conferences, July 05-06, 2018, Berlin, Germany| 26th Cardiology Case Reports Conferences, July 05-06, 2018, Berlin, Germany| The 5th International Conference on Prehypertension, Hypertension and Cardio Metabolic Syndrome Workshops, 22-25 February, 2018 Venice, Italy| 4th International 4 Corners of Cardiology Meeting, February 09-10, 2018 Melbourne, Australia| Heart HKSTENT-CICF, March 16-18, 2018 Hong Kong| Frontiers in Cardiovascular Biology April 20-22, 2018 Austria Center, Vienna| Asian Pacific Society of Cardiology Conference2018 (APSC 2018), May 17-20, 2018| https://hypertensioncongress.cardiologymeeting.com/Cardiology Conferences | ISH 2018 Scientific Meeting – Beijing, September 20-23, 2018 Beijing, China| December 11-12, 2017 Rome, Italy|

Related Societies

American Association of Clinical Research Professionals, International Society of Hypertension, American College of Epidemiology, American Nurses Association, American Public Health Association, American School Health Association, Association of Environmental Health Academic Programs, Association of Occupational and Environmental Clinics, Association of Public Health Laboratories, Association of Schools and Programs of Public Health, American Society for Microbiology, European Society of Hypertension, National Environmental Health Association, Society for Public Health Education, Society for Public Health Education, Global Public Health Program, Mental Health and Psycho-Social Support Network.|

Track 3: Hypertension & Cardiology

Cardiac arrest is described as an unexpected disruption in effective blood flow due to the failure of the heart. Cardiac arrest happens when the heart stops completely or has a dangerous rhythm and sometimes can be caused by heart attacks. It can also be caused by sepsis, trauma, a pulmonary embolism, infection, heart rhythm problems, malfunction in heart’s electrical system and use of recreational drug. Cardiac arrest is a very serious condition which can lead to death. Symptoms for the cardiac arrest include sudden loss of response, fatigue, dizziness, abnormal breathing, shortness of breath, chest pain, weakness and nausea. Coronary heart disease is the most common cause of cardiac arrest which often results in coronary ischemia and ventricular fibrillation. With cardiac arrest, people may feel dizzy or light-headed and suddenly black out. Immediate treatment with a cardiac arrest includes CPR and a shock with defibrillator to jump-start a person’s heart followed up with a breathing tube and other medicines or machines to support the heart. When one of the main arteries of the heart gets blocked, causing the heart to not get enough blood flow, the condition is termed as heart attack. Stroke is classified into two major types, ischemic and haemorrhagic. In ischemic strokes, a blood clot cuts off the supply of blood to an area of the brain. In haemorrhagic strokes, bleeding in the brain occurs via a ruptured blood vessel. This session aims to discuss major issues related to cardiac arrest, heart attack and stroke and the role of hypertension in all these.

Recommended Conferences

Heart Failure Congress Middle East 2018 | Hypertension Conference 2018 | Stroke Congress | Hypertension Conference 2018| Heart Congress | Stroke Meetings  2018 | Cardiology Conference2018, World Heart Disease Meetings USA | Stroke Meetings Europe 2018 | Cardiology Conferences  | Cardiology Conference2018 | Heart Failure Conference | Hypertension Conference 2018 |

| ISH 2018 Scientific Meeting – Beijing, September 20-23, 2018 Beijing, China| Heart HKSTENT-CICF, March 16-18, 2018 Hong Kong | 23rd European Heart Failure Congress 2018  February 19-21, Paris, France| 27th European Cardiology Congress, October 19-21, 2018 Rome Italy| 24th Annual Cardiologists symposia, June 11-13, 2018 Barcelona, Spain| 3rd Cardiovascular Conferences, July 05-06, 2018, Berlin, Germany| World Heart Disease Meetings USA, Stroke Meetings Europe 201826th Cardiology Case Reports Conferences, July 05-06, 2018, Berlin, Germany| The 5th International Conference on Prehypertension | Heart Congress Paris | International 4 Corners of Cardiology Meeting, February 09-10, 2018 Melbourne, Australia| Frontiers in Cardiovascular Biology April 20-22, 2018 Austria Center, Vienna| Stroke Meetings | Hypertension Congress 2018 | 3rd World Heart Congress, April 19-20, 2018 Amsterdam| Asian Pacific Society of Cardiology Conference2018 (APSC 2018), May 17-20, 2018| National Cardiology Summit USA | Hypertension and Cardio Metabolic Syndrome, 22-25 February, 2018 Venice, Italy|

Related Societies

Movement for Global Mental Health event, Mental Health Innovation Network, Mental Health Worldwide, Centre for Global Mental Health, The World Health Organization Mental Health programme, World Federation for Mental Health, The Gulbenkian Global Mental Health Platform, IFRC Reference Centre for Psychosocial Support, Sarah Boseley's global health blog + Maternal health, Maternal Health and Maternal Mortality, Rethinking maternal health, Public Health conference, Public Health Agency of Canada, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Centre for Health Protection, National Center for disease control,  The Japanese Society of Hypertension.

Track 4: Hypertension and Obesity

If we define hypertension as BP in excess of 140/90 mm Hg, approximately 20% of the world’s adults estimated to approximately 1 billion people worldwide are expected to have hypertension which is contributing to more than 7.1 million deaths each year. The commonness of the disease has been found to be significantly higher in patients older than 60 years. In many countries, 50% of individuals belonging to this age group have been found to be affected with hypertension. Several health surveys in various countries have reported a high degree of poor control of hypertension. According to the reports, prevalence of hypertension in Canada is 22%, of which 16% is controlled. In Egypt it is 26.3%, of which only 8% is controlled and in China it is 13.6%, of which only 3% is controlled. A progressive rise in BP is observed in people with increase in their age. Hypertension due to aging appears to be mainly systolic rather than diastolic. It is evident that the prevalence of hypertension is more in black individuals than white persons. Most studies concluded in the United Kingdom and the United States shows not only a higher rate but also a lower awareness of hypertension among black people than in white people.

In public health, epidemiology plays an integral part. Epidemiology in public health aims to provide different ways to prevent disease and to promote the health of populations through the study of the occurrence and distribution of health-related states or events. This includes the study of factors influencing such states. Adequate data is required for determining the factors and minimizing or eliminating them. Epidemiologist are expected to gather these data via campaigns, health events, etc. and use them to put forward proposals that can aid the government in eliminating public health issues.

Recommended Conferences

| European Heart Failure Events | Stroke Congress | Hypertension Conference 2018 |  Heart Congress | Heart Disease Events | Cardiology Conferences  |  Hypertension Congress 2018 | Heart Failure Congress Europe 2018 | Heart Congress Paris | Heart Failure Conference  |   Hypertension Conference 2018 |

| Heart HKSTENT-CICF, March 16-18, 2018 Hong Kong| 23rd European Heart Failure Symposium, February 19-21, 2018 Paris, France| 27th European Cardiology Congress, October 19-21, 2018 Rome Italy| 3rd Cardiovascular Conferences, July 05-06, 2018, Berlin, Germany| The 5th International Workshop 2018 on Prehypertension| | Frontiers in Cardiovascular Biology April 20-22, 2018 Austria Center, Vienna | Asian Hypertension Workshops 2018 | 3rd World Heart Congress, April 19-20, 2018 Amsterdam, Netherlands| Hypertension Conferences Asia | Asian Pacific Society of Cardiology Conference2018 (APSC 2018), May 17-20, 2018| 22nd World  |, December 11-12, 2017 Rome, Italy |  Hypertension and Cardio Metabolic Syndrome, 22-25 February, 2018 Venice, Italy | x24th Annual Cardiologists Conference, June 11-13, 2018 Barcelona, Spain| 4th International 4 Corners of Cardiology Meeting, February 09-10, 2018 Melbourne, Australia| ISH 2018 International Public Health Meet – Beijing, September 20-23, 2018 Beijing, China | 26th Cardiology Case Reports Conferences, July 05-06, 2018, Berlin, Germany|  

Related Societies                                                                                                                                                              

American Society of Hypertension, American Association of Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Rehabilitation, Austrian Heart Foundation, British Cardiovascular Society, British Heart Foundation, Infectious Diseases, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, American College of Cardiology, Instituto Nacional de Salud, National Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Public Health Agency of Sweden, Centers for Disease Control, American Academy of Clinical Toxicology, American Academy of Pediatrics, American Association of Occupational Health Nurses (AAOHN), American Society of Preventive Cardiology.

Track 5: Pulmonary Hypertension

Pulmonary hypertension affects the arteries in your lungs and the right side of your heart. In pulmonary hypertension, tiny arteries in your lungs, called pulmonary arterioles, and capillaries become narrowed, eventually blocked or destroyed. As a result it is harder for blood to flow through your lungs, which raises pressure within your lungs' arteries. Your heart's lower right chamber must work harder as the pressure in your lung arteries increases in order to pump blood through your lungs, eventually making your heart muscle to weaken and fail. There are some forms of pulmonary hypertension which become worse upon progression and can be fatal. Also there are some forms of pulmonary hypertension which aren't curable. The symptoms of pulmonary hypertension in its early stages are generally not noticeable for months or even years but as the disease progresses, symptoms become worse. Symptoms for pulmonary hypertension include Shortness of breath, Fatigue, Dizziness or fainting spells, Chest pressure or pain, swelling in your ankles, legs and eventually in your abdomen, Bluish colour to your lips and skin, heart palpitations etc. This session aims to emphasize on the classification, signs, symptoms and treatments of the Pulmonary Hypertension.

Recommended Conferences

Heart Failure Conference | Hypertension Conference 2018 | Hypertension Congress | Stroke Congress | Cardiology Conferences 2018 | Hypertension Conferences 2018  | Stroke Congress USA | Hypertension Congress 2018 | Cardiology Workshops 2018 | Hypertension Conferences Asia | Hypertension Conference 2018 |

Stroke Meeting Asia Pacific, September 20-23, 2018 Beijing, China| National  |, USA|  Euro Hypertension Meet and Cardio Metabolic Syndrome, 22-25 February, 2018 Venice, 23rd European Heart Failure Congress, February 19-21, 2018 Paris, France| 27th European Cardiology Congress, October 19-21, 2018 Rome Italy| 3rd Cardiovascular Conferences, July 05-06, 2018, Berlin, Germany| Conference on Heart Failure, The 5th International Conference on Prehypertension,  Frontiers in Cardiovascular Biology April 20-22, 2018 Austria Center, Vienna| 3rd World Heart Congress, April 19-20, 2018 Amsterdam, Netherlands| Asian Pacific Society of Cardiology Conference2018 (APSC 2018), May 17-20, 2018 | 11-12, 2017 Rome, Italy| Heart Failure Meetings Asia 2018, 24th Annual Cardiologists Conference, June 11-13, 2018 Barcelona, Spain | 4th International 4 Corners of Cardiology Meeting, February 09-10, 2018 Melbourne, Australia| ISH 2018 Scientific Meeting – Beijing, 26th Cardiology Case Reports Conferences, July 05-06, 2018, Berlin, Germany| Heart HKSTENT-CICF, March 16-18, 2018 Hong Kong|

Related Societies

American Association of Naturopathic Physicians, American Holistic Health Association, International Society for Clinical Laboratory Technology, American Association of Nurse Anesthetists, Society for Nutrition Education, American Occupational Therapy Association, American Society of Extra-Corporeal Technology, American Association of Colleges of Pharmacy, American Academy of Physician Assistants, Asian Pacific Society of Hypertension, Turkish Society of Hypertension and Atherosclerosis, Cameroon Heart Foundation, High Blood Pressure Research Council of Australia, British and Irish Hypertension Society, Bosnia and Herzegovina Society of Hypertension, Belorussian Scientific Society of Cardiologists, British Association of Nursing in Cardiovascular Care, European Society of Hypertension.

Track 6: Hypertension & Nephrology

Renal hypertension is the elevated blood pressure caused by nephrosis. Also known as Reno vascular high blood pressure, it's a syndrome that consists of high pressure caused by the kidneys' secretion response to narrowing of the arteries activity in the kidneys. The condition is called renal artery stenosis. The narrowing in one or both renal arteries is most often caused by atherosclerosis, also known as hardening of the arteries. This process leads to many heart attacks and strokes. Fibro muscular dysplasia is a less common cause for the narrowing of the arteries. In this condition, the structure of the renal arteries grows abnormally for uncertain reasons. The vast majority of individuals affected with renal hypertension never experience these symptoms. Because there are no symptoms, organ damage can occur slowly without being recognized resulting to chronic kidney disease. It is termed as a slow decline in kidney function. Chronic kidney disease also shows no sign or symptoms unless it is well advanced. Doctors may suspect for renal hypertension when someone has uncontrolled high blood pressure despite multiple medications or has unexplained chronic kidney disease as there are usually no clear symptoms. Medications are generally used to try to control high blood pressure in renal hypertension. The most important blood pressure medications in renal hypertension treatment include ACE inhibitors and ARBs. In most individuals, medications can effectively control blood pressure for renal hypertension due to renal artery narrowing. However, more than one blood pressure drug is often needed. But in some cases, even taking three or more medications every day may not sufficiently control blood pressure. A procedure to improve blood flow to the kidneys may help in this kind of situations. Procedures include Angioplasty, Stenting and Surgery. Surgery is the most effective at correcting renal hypertension and it is considered only when angioplasty and stenting are not possible. Procedures are more effective to treat renal hypertension when only one kidney's artery is narrowed rather than both. In this session we are focusing on the causes and symptoms of reno-vascular hypertension, alongside of its pathological process, diagnosis and treatment.

Recommended Conferences

Heart Congress | Hypertension congress 2018 | Heart Disease Events | Heart Congress Paris | Hypertension Conferences Asia | Stroke Congress | Hypertension Conferences 2018 | Hypertension Congress 2018 | Cardiology Conferences 2018 | Hypertension Conferences Europe 2018 | Hypertension Conference 2018 | Cardiology Events | Hypertension Conference 2018 |

Cardio Metabolic Syndrome Conference, 22-25 February, 2018 Venice, 23rd European Heart Failure Congress, February 19-21, 2018 Paris, France| 27th European Cardiology Congress, October 19-21, 2018 Rome Italy | 3rd Cardiovascular Conferences, July 05-06, 2018, Berlin, Germany | 5th International Conference on Prehypertension| Frontiers in Cardiovascular Biology April 20-22, 2018 Austria Center, Vienna| 3rd World Heart Meet 2018, April 19-20, 2018 Amsterdam, Netherlands| Stroke Meetings Middle East 2018 | Stroke Meeting Asia Pacific | Asian Pacific Society of Cardiology Conference2018 (APSC 2018), May 17-20, 2018 | 22nd World Cardiac Conferences, December 11-12, 2017 Rome, Italy| 24th Annual Cardiologists Summit, June 11-13, 2018 Barcelona, Spain | 4th International 4 Corners of Cardiology Meeting, February 09-10, 2018 Melbourne, Australia| ISH 2018 Scientific Hypertension conferences – Beijing| 26th Cardiology Case Reports Conferences, July 05-06, 2018, Berlin, Germany| Heart HKSTENT-CICF, March 16-18, 2018 Hong Kong |

Related Societies

Moroccan Society of Cardiology, Norwegian Society of Cardiology, Saudi Heart Association, Netherlands Society of Hypertension, Portuguese Society of Hypertension, Slovenian Society of Cardiology, Spanish Society of Hypertension, British Cardiovascular Society, Swedish Society of Cardiology, Zurich Heart House, American Physical Therapy Association, National Board for Respiratory Care, Inc., American Association of Blood Banks, American Association for Clinical Chemistry, Health Sciences Communications Association, American Dental Association, American Public Health Organization, Association of Public Health Laboratories, American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, Member National Cardiac Societies.

Track 7: Hypertension & Pregnancy

Hypertension affects approximately 8–10% of pregnancies. It can be classified as pre-existing hypertension, gestational hypertension, or pre-eclampsia. Pre-eclampsia is a disorder of pregnancy distinguished by the outset of high blood pressure and often a significant amount of protein in the urine. If arises, the pre-eclampsia begins after 20 weeks of pregnancy. In severe conditions there may be red blood cell breakdown, a low blood platelet count, kidney dysfunction, impaired liver function, swelling, visual disturbances, or shortness of breath due to fluid in the lungs. For both the mother and her baby, pre-eclampsia enhances the poor outcomes and if left untreated, it may result in to eclampsia. Eclampsia is a life-threatening condition which is a hypertensive emergency. It has several serious complications including seizures, vision loss, brain swelling, pulmonary edema, kidney failure, and disseminated intravascular coagulation. In approximately 5% of pregnancies, preeclampsia occurs and it is responsible for about 16% of all maternal deaths globally. It also doubles the risk of death of the baby around the time of birth. It is more frequent in a woman's first pregnancy and mostly if she is carrying twins. In most cases, pre-eclampsia is diagnosed before delivery. In some rare cases, pre-eclampsia may begin in the period after the delivery of the baby. Women affected with pre-eclampsia during their pregnancy are at increased risk of heart disease and stroke later in life. In recommended treatments for prevention of pre-eclampsia, there are several such as providing aspirin in individuals at high risk, calcium supplementation in areas with low intake, and treatment of prior high blood pressure with medications. This session is aimed at discussing the various issues related to pre-eclampsia, its diagnosis and treatment. Additionally, the session also aims to discuss about other hypertensions during pregnancy i.e. pre-existing hypertension and gestational hypertension.

Recommended Conferences

Hypertension Conference 2018 | Cardiology Meetings Asia 2018 | Hypertension Conferences 2018 | Stroke Congress | Cardiology Conferences 2018 | Hypertension Congress 2018 | Stroke Meeting Asia Pacific | Heart Disease Events  Europe 2018 | Cardiology Events USA | Hypertension Conferences USA | Heart Failure Conference |

The 5th International Pre-Hypertension Conference | Frontiers in Cardiovascular Biology April 20-22, 2018 Austria Center, Vienna| September 20-23, 2018 Beijing, China| Hypertension Events Middle East, Heart Failure Meetings Asia 2018 | 4th International 4 Corners of Cardiology Meeting 2018, February 09-10,Melbourne, Australia|  | 2018 |  |, USA| Hypertension and Cardio Metabolic Syndrome, 22-25 February, 2018 Venice | 23rd European Heart Failure Congress, February 19-21, 2018 Paris, France| 27th European Cardiology Conference, October 19-21, 2018 Rome Italy| 3rd Cardiovascular Conferences, July 05-06, 2018, Berlin, Germany | 3rd World Heart Congress, April 19-20, 2018 Amsterdam, Netherlands | Asian Pacific Society of Cardiology Conference2018 (APSC 2018), May 17-20, 2018 | 22nd World  |, December 11-12, 2017 Rome, Italy | ISH 2018 Scientific Meeting – Beijing | 26th Cardiology Case Reports Conferences, July 05-06, 2018, Berlin, Germany| Heart HKSTENT-CICF, March 16-18, 2018 Hong Kong| 24th Annual Cardiologists Conference, June 11-13, 2018 Barcelona, Spain|

Related Societies

Congenital Cardiac Anaesthesia Society, International Society of Hypertension, Primary Care Diabetes Society, Northwest Association of Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Rehabilitation, Hypertension Canada, Pulmonary Hypertension Association, Heart and Stroke Foundation of Canada, The Public Health Foundation, Pan American Health Organization, National Institutes of Health , Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, European Public Health Association, American Association of Public Health Physicians, Local health departments in the United States, National Association of County and City Health Officials, Russian Society of Cardiology.

Track 8: Hypertension in Children and Adolescents

High blood pressure is found to be a growing health issue that is often ignored by physicians. Regular blood pressure values for children and adolescents are calculated based on their age, sex, and height, and are available in conventional tables. With renal parenchymal disease and renovascular disease being the most common, a secondary etiology of hypertension is much more likely to be found in children than in adults. Primary hypertension in children is strongly correlated with Overweight and obesity. A history and physical examination are required to draw out the underlying medical disorder in children newly diagnosed with hypertension. Children diagnosed with hypertension should also be examined for other risk factors such as cardiovascular disease, including diabetes mellitus and hyperlipidemia. They should also be evaluated for target organ damage with a retinal examination and echocardiography. Generally hypertension in children is treated by making lifestyle changes which include weight loss for those who are overweight or obese, regular physical activity, a healthy low-sodium diet, and avoidance of tobacco and alcohol. Children diagnosed with target organ damage, diabetes, symptomatic hypertension, secondary hypertension, or persistent hypertension should be treated with antihypertensive medications in addition to nonpharmacologic measures. Antihypertensive medications in children include Thiazide diuretics, angiotensin II receptor blockers, beta blockers, calcium channel blockers, and angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors which are considered safe, effective, and well tolerated. High blood pressure in childhood generally leads to adult hypertension which is the leading cause of premature deaths around the world. This session will cover the emerging issues related to hypertension in children and adolescents, treatments and therapies available and the recent research findings.

Recommended Conferences

Stroke Meeting Asia Pacific | Heart Congress Paris | Stroke Congress | Heart Congress Paris | Hypertension event 2018 | Cardiology Events USA | Cardiology Events Middle East 2018 |  Hypertension Congress 2018 | Heart Failure Events Middle East | Stroke Meetings Middle East 2018  |

26th Cardiology Case Reports Conferences, July 05-06, 2018, Berlin, Germany| The 5th International Conference on Prehypertension| Frontiers in Cardiovascular Biology April 20-22, 2018 Austria Center, Vienna| Stroke Conferences, September 20-23, 2018 Beijing, China| 4th International 4 Corners of Cardiology Meeting, February 09-10, 2018 Melbourne, Australia | Cardio Metabolic Syndrome, 22-25 February, Venice |27th European Hypertension Meet  19-21, 2018 Rome Italy| 3rd Cardiovascular Conferences, July 05-06, 2018, Berlin, Germany3rd World Heart Congress, April 19-20, 2018 Amsterdam, Netherlands| Asian Pacific Society of Cardiology Conference2018 (APSC 2018), May 17-20, 2018 Cardiology Conferences 2018 | ISH 2018 Scientific Meeting – Beijing, Heart HKSTENT-CICF, March 16-18, 2018 Hong Kong| 24th Annual Cardiologists Conference, June 11-13, 2018 Barcelona, Spain| 22nd World Cardiology Summit, December 11-12, 2017 Rome, Italy|

Related Societies 

United States Senate Committee on Public Health and National Quarantine, National Association for Public Health Policy, British Cardiovascular Society, European Public Health Alliance, Upper Midwest Preparedness and Emergency Response Learning Center, Action on Smoking and Health, Population Council, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, European Society of Hypertension, European Parliament Committee on the Environment, Public Health and Food Safety, Southern African Hypertension Society, European Public Health Alliance, Irish Heart Foundation, Lebanese Society of Nephrology and Hypertension, Luxembourg Society of Cardiology.

Track 9: Hypertension & Public Health

Increasing rates of cardiovascular diseases are forcing each and every country to revise their public health policies to counter this emerging epidemic. Over the years, hypertension has become a major issue for public health. Statistics show that hypertension has become one of the leading causes of death in elderly people. The rates are relatively higher in developing countries. Therefore, adequate measures are required to be taken by the government to fight this epidemic. Creating awareness in people, educating doctors about the on-going research and findings in treatment and therapy may help to reduce its growing rate. Initiatives such as screening camps, awareness camps are going to help a lot in effective control but it will require much support from the people also. Community participations should be launched in each area. Life style modifications are immensely beneficial and can be considered as the primary line of defence against hypertension. Effective lifestyle changes can help reducing the use of antihypertensive medicines. Thus effective strategies should be made in order to help people to get educated about these lifestyle modifications and to get adapted to these changes. We aim to cover the recent trends related to hypertension and public health in this session.

Recommended Conferences

Hypertension Congress Middle East 2018 | Heart Congress | Stroke Symposiums 2018 | World Hypertension 2018 | Heart Failure Congress 2018 |  Heart Failure Congress 2018 | Hypertension Conference 2018 | Hypertension Congress 2018 | Stroke Congress |  Hypertension Conferences USA | Cardiology Conference Asia 2018 | Heart Disease Congress Asia | Heart Congress USA |

3rd World Heart Congress, April 19-20, 2018 Amsterdam, Netherlands| Asian Pacific Society of Cardiology Conference2018 (APSC 2018), May 17-20, 2018 Cardiology Conferences 2018,  Italy| 26th Cardiology Case Reports Conferences, July 05-06, 2018, Berlin, German | 4th International 4 Corners of Cardiology Meeting |  | 2018 |February 09-10, 2018 Melbourne, Australia| and Public Health Event 2018 , 22-25 February, 2018 Venice | Stroke Conferences |3rd Cardiovascular Conferences, July 05-06, 2018, Berlin, Germany |  ISH 2018 Scientific Meeting – Beijing | Heart HKSTENT-CICF, March 16-18, 2018 Hong Kong | 24th Annual Cardiologists Committee, June 11-13, 2018 Barcelona, Spain| 22nd World  |, December 11-12, 2017 Rome, Italy| 27th European Cardiology Congress, October 19-21, 2018 Rome Italy| The 5th International Conference on Prehypertension| Frontiers in Cardiovascular Biology April 20-22, 2018 Austria Center, Vienna|

Related Societies 

New Hampshire Hospital Association, Society for Health Systems, The International Society for Quality in Health Care, French Healthcare, French Public Health Agency, National Institute of Health and Medical Research, American College of Occupational and Environmental Medicine (ACOEM), ESC Member National Cardiac Societies, American Health Quality Association, American Dietetic Association, National Association of Emergency Medical Technicians, National Environmental Health Association, Healthcare Financial Management Association, National Society of Genetic Counsellors, ESC Member National Cardiac Societies, American College of Cardiology.

Track 10:  Pathophysiology & Hypertension

In majority of individuals with established primary high blood pressure, high pressure is due to increased resistance to blood flow while cardiac output remains normal. There are reports showing some younger individuals with prehypertension having high cardiac output and normal peripheral resistance. It is known as hyperkinetic borderline hypertension. For these individuals, as their cardiac output falls and peripheral resistance rises with age, they develop the typical features of established essential hypertension in later life. Whether the same pattern is being followed for each individual who finally develops hypertension is debatable. In established hypertension, although a reduction in the number or density of capillaries may also contribute, the increased peripheral resistance is mainly due to structural narrowing of small arteries and arterioles. Isolated systolic hypertension is a condition found in elderly people in which the systolic pressure is abnormally high, but diastolic pressure may be normal or low. There are many mechanisms which have been proposed to account for the rise in peripheral resistance. The most evident mechanisms found are either disturbances in the kidneys' salt and water handling or abnormalities of the sympathetic nervous system. This session is going to emphasize on different pathophysiology of hypertension.

Track 11: Epidemiology of Hypertension and Public Health

If we define hypertension as BP in excess of 140/90 mm Hg, approximately 20% of the world’s adults estimated to approximately 1 billion people worldwide are expected to have hypertension which is contributing to more than 7.1 million deaths each year. The commonness of the disease has been found to be significantly higher in patients older than 60 years. In many countries, 50% of individuals belonging to this age group have been found to be affected with hypertension. Several health surveys in various countries have reported a high degree of poor control of hypertension. According to the reports, prevalence of hypertension in Canada is 22%, of which 16% is controlled. In Egypt it is 26.3%, of which only 8% is controlled and in China it is 13.6%, of which only 3% is controlled. A progressive rise in BP is observed in people with increase in their age. Hypertension due to aging appears to be mainly systolic rather than diastolic. It is evident that the prevalence of hypertension is more in black individuals than white persons. Most studies concluded in the United Kingdom and the United States shows not only a higher rate but also a lower awareness of hypertension among black people than in white people.

In public health, epidemiology plays an integral part. Epidemiology in public health aims to provide different ways to prevent disease and to promote the health of populations through the study of the occurrence and distribution of health-related states or events. This includes the study of factors influencing such states. Adequate data is required for determining the factors and minimizing or eliminating them. Epidemiologist are expected to gather these data via campaigns, health events, etc. and use them to put forward proposals that can aid the government in eliminating public health issues.

Recommended Conferences

Hypertension Congress 2018 | Stroke Congress 2018 | Hypertension Meetings 2018  | Stroke Meeting Asia Pacific | Heart Congress USA | Hypertension Conference 2018 |  Stroke Meetings USA| Heart Congress France | World Heart Failure Congress | European Public Health Congress  |

Heart HKSTENT-CICF, March 16-18, 2018 Hong Kong| Hypertension Meetings Middle East | Frontiers in Cardiovascular Biology April 20-22, 2018 Austria Center, Vienna| Stroke Conferences | Asian Pacific Society of Cardiology Congress2018 (APSC 2018), May 17-20, 2018| Cardiology Conferences 2018 | Hypertension Conferences USA | ISH 2018 Scientific Meeting – Beijing, September 20-23, 2018 Beijing, China|  | Europe  | 22nd World  |, December 11-12, 2017 Rome, Italy | 3rd Cardiovascular Conferences, July 05-06, 2018, Berlin, Germany | 26th Cardiology Case Reports Conferences, July 05-06, 2018, Berlin, Germany|  27th, October 19-21, 2018 Rome Italy|   4th International 4 Corners of Cardiology Meeting, February 09-10, 2018 Melbourne, Australia| National  |, USA|  | 2018 | The 5th International Conference on Prehypertension, Hypertension and Cardio Metabolic Syndrome Symposiums 2018, 22-25 February, Venice, Italy|  23rd European Heart Failure Congress| February 19-21, 2018 Paris, France| 3rd, April 19-20, 2018 Amsterdam, Netherlands| 24th Annual Cardiologists Conference, June 11-13, 2018 Barcelona, Spain|

Related Societies 

Federal Biomedical Agency, George Institute for Global Health, Global Coalition Against Pneumonia, Global Health Security Initiative, Journal of the American Society of Hypertension, National Farm Medicine Center, National Obesity Observatory, National Obesity Observatory, Public Health Wales, Public Health Research Institute, Public Health Education and Health Promotion Section, Corporate Accountability International, Association of Pediatric Cardiology, Indonesian Society of Hypertension, Thai Hypertension Society,  Malaysian Society of Hypertension, Cardiometabolic Heart Congress, Chinese Society of Cardiology, Philippine Society of Hypertension, The Heart Association of Thailand, Turkish Society of Hypertension and Atherosclerosis, World Heart Federation.

Track 12: Hypertension and Risk Assessment

Primary hypertension or essential hypertension which has multiple risk factors such as obesity and a family history of high blood pressure is more common in adolescents. It. Unhealthy lifestyle practices such as high sodium intake, drinking of alcohol, lack of physical activities are also risk factors for hypertension. Secondary hypertension can be determined through laboratory tests. Sometimes it is passed down from mother to child during the time of pregnancy. In such cases effective lifestyle changes such as maintaining a healthy diet, proper physical exercises, etc. along with antihypertensive medication are necessary for the treatment. Even for individuals not affected with hypertension it is recommended to maintain at least one healthy lifestyle activity to prevent the risk of hypertension in their later life. Lifestyle modifications are immensely recommended for individuals with pre-hypertension as adapting such lifestyle modification will surely help such individuals to avoid antihypertensive medication and also it will effectively control their blood pressure levels. Additional tests should be performed to determine whether damage has been caused by hypertension to the heart, eyes, and kidneys. Diabetes and high cholesterol levels are also considered as additional risk factors for the development of heart disease and may require treatment. Thus these conditions require proper examinations to determine the severity of the disease and to determine the required medication and treatment.

Recommended Conferences

Heart Failure Conference | Heart Congress France | Cardiology Conferences 2018 | Stroke Congress 2018 | Stroke Congress France |  Hypertension Meetings Middle East 2018 | Stroke Meetings Middle East 2018 |  Stroke Meeting Asia Pacific | Heart Congress USA|

Heart Disease Events  Europe 2018 | ISH 2018 Scientific Meeting – Beijing, September 20-23, 2018 Beijing, China | 4th International 4 Corners of Cardiology Meeting, February 09-10, 2018 Melbourne, Australia| National  |, USA | The 5th International Conference on Prehypertension, Hypertension and Cardio Metabolic Syndrome, 22-25 February, 2018 Venice, Italy| 23rd European Heart Failure Congress, February 19-21, 2018 Paris, France| |  3rd World Heart Congress, April 19-20, 2018 Amsterdam, Netherlands | 24th Annual European Hypertension Summit, June 11-13, 2018 Barcelona, Spain| 22nd World  | | December 11-12, 2017 Rome, Italy | 3rd Cardiovascular Conferences, July 05-06, 2018, Berlin, Germany | |  26th Cardiology Case Reports Conferences, July 05-06, 2018, Berlin, Germany| 27th European Cardiology Congress, October 19-21, 2018 Rome Italy | HKSTENT-CICF, March 16-18, 2018 Hong Kong | Frontiers in Cardiovascular Disease Congress, April 20-22, 2018 Austria Center, Vienna| Asian Pacific Society of Cardiology Congress 2018 (APSC 2018), May 17-20, 2018 |

Related Societies 

Maternal Health and Maternal Mortality, International Society of Hypertension, Rethinking maternal health, Society and Public Health, Public Health Agency of Canada , Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Centre for Health Protection, National Center for disease control, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, American Podiatric Medical Association, Association of Schools and Programs of Public Health, National Rural Health Association, British and Irish Hypertension Society, Society for Diagnostic Medical Sonographers, American College of Sports Medicine, American Art Therapy Association.

Track 13: Preventive Medication for Hypertension

There are several classes of medications available for treating hypertension, collectively known as antihypertensive medications. Thiazide-diuretics, calcium channel blockers, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors, and angiotensin receptor blockers are considered as first-line medications for hypertension. Although these medications may be used alone or in combination, ACE inhibitors and ARBs are not recommended to be used in combinations. ARBs minimize counter-regulatory mechanisms that act to reverse blood pressure values to pre-treatment levels. Previously, as first-line therapy for hypertension, Beta-blockers were thought to produce similar beneficial effects as ARBs. However, a review that included 13 trials conducted by Cochrane showed that the effects of beta-blockers in treatment are less than that of other antihypertensive medications. More than one medication is required to control high blood pressure in most individuals affected with hypertension and these medications for blood pressure control should be implemented with a stepped care approach when target levels are not reached.

Recommended Conferences

| Hypertension Congress 2018 | Stroke Congress 2018 | Hypertension Meetings 2018 | Stroke Meetings USA 2018 | Heart Disease Events USA|   Stroke Meeting 2018 Europe | Hypertension Meetings USA | Global Cardiology Meet 2018 |  Hypertension Conferences USA |

The 5th International Conference on Prehypertension| Frontiers in Cardiovascular Biology April 20-22, 2018 Austria Center, Vienna | 3rd World Heart Summit, April 19-20, 2018 Amsterdam | Asian Pacific Society of Cardiology Congress 2018 (APSC 2018), May 17-20, 2018  Hypertenison Meetings 2018| 22nd World | December 11-12, 2017 Rome, Italy | Hypertension and Cardio Metabolic Syndrome, 22-25 February, 2018 Venice, Italy| 24th Annual Cardiologists Conference, June 11-13, 2018 Barcelona, Spain | 4th International 4 Corners of Cardiology Meeting, February 09-10, 2018 Melbourne, Australia|  ISH 2018 Scientific Meeting – Beijing, September 20-23, 2018 Beijing, China | 26th Cardiology Congress 2018, July 05-06, 2018, Berlin, Germany

Related Societies 

American Society of Echocardiography,  American Society of Nuclear Cardiology, American Diabetes Association,  American Stroke Association, Inter-American Society of Hypertension,  Latin American Society of Hypertension, Brazilian Society of Hypertension, American Heart Association,  Austrian Heart Foundation, British Cardiovascular Society, British Heart Foundation, British Hypertension Society, Irish Nurses Cardiovascular Association, European Society of Hypertension, European Stroke Organisation,  Albanian Society of Cardiology.

Track 14: Public Health

Public health is termed as the science and art of preventing diseases. The purpose of public health is to analyse a population’s health and the threats toward it. Its objective is to prolong life and promote human health through coordinated labour and informed choices of individuals, organizations, public and private communities and societies. The term public encompasses small group of individuals or an entire village or several continents and Health relates to physical, mental and social well-being of individuals. The aim of public health is to improve the quality of life through prevention and treatment of disease. This includes the surveillance of cases and health indicators and the promotion of healthy lifestyle. Creating awareness towards hand washing and breastfeeding, delivery of vaccinations, prevention of suicides and distribution of condoms to control the spread of sexually transmitted diseases comes under the common public health initiatives. Multidisciplinary teams of public health workers and professionals such as epidemiologists, medical assistants, biostatisticians, public health nurses, midwives or medical microbiologists are required in modern public health practices. In both the developing and the developed countries, public health plays an important role in disease prevention through the efforts made by the local health systems and non-governmental organizations.

Recommended Conferences

Hypertension Meetings 2018 | Stroke Conferences | Hypertension Congress Asia | Hypertension Symposiums 2018 | Stroke Congress France  | Hypertension Meetings 2018 | Hypertension Conferences Europe | Stroke Meeting 2018 Europe | Hypertension Conferences 2018 | Heart Congress France | Hypertension Conference 2018 | Heart Disease Events  Europe 2018|

Asian Pacific Society of Cardiology Congress 2018 (APSC 2018), May 17-20, 2018|  4th International 4 Corners of Cardiology Meeting, February 09-10, 2018 Melbourne, Australia | 23rd European Heart Failure Congress, February 19-21, 2018 Paris, France | Stroke Meetings Europe 2018 | 3rd World Heart Congress, April 19-20, 2018 Amsterdam|  24th Annual Cardiologists Conference, June 11-13, 2018 Barcelona, Spain| Stroke Congress 2018 | Heart HKSTENT-CICF, March 16-18, 2018 Hong Kong |  | 2018 |  Frontiers in Cardiovascular Biology April 20-22, 2018 Austria Center, Vienna | ISH 2018 Scientific Meeting – Beijing, September 20-23, 2018 Beijing, China | Heart Congress USA | 3rd Cardiovascular Conferences, July 05-06, 2018, Berlin, Germany| 26th Cardiology Case Reports Conferences, July 05-06, 2018, Berlin, Germany| Heart Disease Events  Asia| 27th European Cardiology Conferences, October 19-21, 2018 Rome Italy| | National  |, USA | The 5th International Conference on Prehypertension, Hypertension and Cardio Metabolic Syndrome, 22-25 February, 2018 Venice, Italy | 22nd World  |, December 11-12, 2017 Rome, Italy|

Related Societies 

Heart Foundation of Botswana, Hellenic Society of Hypertension, European Society of Hypertension, British Association of Crit,  Georgian Society of Cardiology, Association of State and Territorial Health Officials, Association of Schools of Public Health, California Association of Public Health Laboratory Directors, Caribbean Epidemiology Centre, Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists. ESC Member National Cardiac Societies| National Association of County and City Health Officials, Latvian Society of Hypertension, Moldavian Society of Cardiology, Montenegro Society of Cardiology ical Care Nurses, Cardiology Society of Serbia, Sudanese Hypertension Society, Swedish Society of Hypertension, Stroke and Vascular Medicine, Estonian Society of Cardiology.

Track 15: Global Mental Health

The term global means international. Thus Global mental health defines the international viewpoint on various aspects of mental health. Its overall aim is to strengthen mental health all over the world by providing information about the mental health conditions in all countries, and classifying mental health care requirements in order to develop economical interventions to fulfil those specific requirements. Global mental health puts priority on improving mental health and achieving fairness in mental health for all individuals worldwide by study, research and practice. Lately, the global mental health movement has met with some criticism. It has been labelled as a cover for the pharmaceutical companies searching for new consumers for psychiatric drugs. Mental disorders are considered as health conditions categorized by changes in state of mind, mood and behaviour that are associated with pain or potentially disability in working. Mental illness refers to all diagnosable mental disorders. Mental disorders are one of the most well-known causes for disability and may incorporate death in some cases. Approximately, one in four people in the world is somehow affected by mental or neurological disorder at some point in their lives. Although there is rise in interventions for treatment of mental disorders and awareness about mental disorders among people, the so called treatment gap is still very high. The treatment gap is estimated to be in between 76–85% for low- and middle-income countries and 35–50% for high-income countries.

Recommended Conferences

Stroke Meeting 2018 Europe | Hypertension Conferences 2018 | Hypertension Workshops 2018| Hypertension Congress Middle East |  Hypertension Meetings 2018 | Stroke Congress 2018 | Hypertension Meetings 2018 | Hypertension Conferences USA | Events on Hypertension|

Asian Pacific Society of Cardiology Conference2018 (APSC 2018), May 17-20, 2018| 3rd World Heart Congress, April 19-20, 2018 Amsterdam|  24th Annual Cardiologists Conference, June 11-13, 2018 Barcelona, Spain | Heart HKSTENT-CICF, March 16-18, 2018 Hong Kong| Frontiers in Cardiovascular Biology April 20-22, 2018 Austria Center, Vienna| ISH 2018 Scientific Meeting – Beijing, September 20-23, 2018 Beijing, China| Hypertension Congress 2018| 26th Cardiology Case Reports Conferences, July 05-06, 2018, Berlin, Germany | 27th European Cardiology Conferences, October 19-21, 2018 Rome Italy| National Cardiology Symposium, USA | Heart Congress France | The 5th International Conference on Prehypertension, Hypertension and Cardio Metabolic Syndrome, 22-25 February, 2018 Venice, Italy| 22nd World  |, December 11-12, 2017 Rome, Italy| 3rd Cardiovascular Conferences | Stroke Congress France July 05-06, 2018, Berlin, Germany| 4th International Stroke Event 2018, February 09-10, 2018 Melbourne, Australia| 23rd European Heart Failure Congress, February 19-21, 2018 Paris, France|

Related Societies 

Association of Schools of Public Health, California Association of Public Health Laboratory Directors, Caribbean Epidemiology Centre, British and Irish Hypertension Society, Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists, Health Care Society, Lebanon, Foundation of Healthcare Technologies Society, New Hampshire Hospital Association, Society for Health Systems, The International Society for Quality in Health Care, French Healthcare, French Public Health Agency, National Institute of Health and Medical Research.

Track 16: Reproductive Medicine & Women's Health

Reproductive medicine is an important part of public health and it aims to improve or maintain reproductive health and to allow people to have children at their chosen time. It deals with the diagnosis, management and prevention of reproductive difficulties. This branch of medicine is based on the knowledge of endocrinology, physiology, and reproductive anatomy, and it includes important aspects of biochemistry, molecular biology and pathology. Birth control, family planning, infertility, puberty, sexual education, sexual dysfunction and reproductive system diseases including sexually transmitted diseases are the issues addressed by reproductive medicine. Reproductive medicine also addresses ovulation, menstruation, menopause and pregnancy, as well as gynaecologic disorders that affect fertility in women. In reproductive medicine, methods for diagnosis include imaging techniques, reproductive surgery, and laboratory methods. In treatment pharmacology, surgery, counselling, and other methods are considered.

Recommended Conferences

Stroke Meeting 2018 Europe | Hypertension Symposiums| Hypertension Conferences Europe | Hypertension Conferences 2018 | Hypertension Congress 2018 | Stroke Conferences | Cardiology Conferences  | Heart Disease Events  Europe| Heart Conferences 2018 | Hypertension Meetings 2018|  Stroke Meetings |  Heart Congress USA | Heart Congress Asia Pacific |     

27th European Cardiology Conferences, October 19-21, 2018 Rome Italy | 23rd European Heart Failure Congress, February 19-21, 2018 Paris, France| National Hypertension Conferences, USA | 5th International Conference on Prehypertension | Hypertension and Cardio Metabolic Syndrome, 22-25 February, 2018 Venice, Italy | 22nd World  |, December 11-12, 2017 Rome, Italy|  | 2018 | Asian Pacific Society of Cardiology Conference2018 (APSC 2018), May 17-20, 2018| 3rd World Heart Congress, April 19-20, 2018 Amsterdam,  | 24th Annual Hypertension Conference, June 11-13, 2018 Barcelona, Spain | Heart HKSTENT-CICF, March 16-18, 2018 Hong Kong| Frontiers in Cardiovascular Biology April 20-22, 2018 Austria Center, 26th Global Cardiac Arrest Conference 2018, July 05-06, 2018, Berlin, Germany| 3rd Cardiovascular Conferences, July 05-06, 2018, Berlin, Germany| 4th International 4 Corners of Cardiology Meeting| February 09-10, 2018 Melbourne, Australia |

Related Societies

Malaysian Society of Hypertension, Society of Hypertension, British and Irish Hypertension Society, Cardio metabolic Heart Congress, Chinese Society of Cardiology, Philippine Society of Hypertension, The Heart Association of Thailand, Turkish Society of Hypertension and Atherosclerosis, World Heart Federation, Federal Biomedical Agency, George Institute for Global Health, Global Coalition Against Pneumonia, Global Health Security Initiative, National Farm Medicine Center, National Obesity Observatory, National Obesity Observatory, Public Health Wales, Public Health Research Institute, Public Health Education and Health Promotion Section, Corporate Accountability International, Association of Paediatric Cardiology, Indonesian Society of Hypertension, Thai Hypertension Society.

Track 17: General Practices & Public Health

General practice is an integral part of medicine, connecting it to the community more than any other medical specialty by providing health information about populations more than any other medical source. General Practitioners provide information about emerging epidemics, effect of environmental calamities, results of changes in social function and economic status of a community through their intelligent awareness and observation. In countries such as New Zealand, UK, Canada and Australia, healthcare costs are kept within reasonable limits due to the effective use of general practices. Also the community satisfaction with healthcare is high and services are matched to different extent of severity and complexity of illness in such countries. It is evident that there is a strong relationship between general practice and public health but there is also significant difference between the two. General practice focuses on providing primary healthcare to individuals and public health aims to fulfil healthcare needs of entire population. General Practitioners try to deliver comprehensive, individual tailored and evidence based care to their patients by the trust and long-term relationship that they have with patients and their families which leads to understanding of their patients’ cultural and socioeconomic backgrounds and lifestyles.

Recommended Conferences

Stroke Meeting 2018 Europe | Stroke Meetings Asia 2018| Hypertension Meetings 2018 | Hypertension Congress | Stroke Meetings | Heart Disease Events  Middle East| Heart Disease Events  Middle East| Hypertension Meetings Middle East| Hypertension Conferences 2018 | Heart Congress France | Cardiology Conferences | Heart Congress Asia Pacific |Hypertension Meetings 2018 | Heart Disease Events  Asia 2018|

3rd Cardiovascular Conferences, July 05-06, 2018, Berlin, Germany | 26th Cardiology Case Reports Conferences, July 05-06, 2018, Berlin, Germany | 27th European Cardiology Conferences, October 19-21, 2018 Rome Italy | Heart Conferences 2018 | Stroke Congress 2018 | Heart HKSTENT-CICF, March 16-18, 2018 Hong Kong| Frontiers in Cardiovascular Biology April 20-22, 2018 Austria Center, Vienna| The 5th International Conference on Prehypertension | World Public Health conference 2018  and Cardio Metabolic Syndrome, 22-25 February, 2018 Venice, Italy| 23rd European Stroke Congress, February 19-21, 2018 Paris, France | 3rd World Heart Congress, April 19-20, 2018 Amsterdam | 24th Annual Cardiologists Conference, June 11-13, 2018 Barcelona, Spain| Asian Pacific Society of Cardiology Conference2018 (APSC 2018), May 17-20, 2018| | ISH 2018 Scientific Meeting – Beijing, September 20-23, 2018 Beijing, China | 4th International 4 Corners of Cardiology Meeting, February 09-10, 2018 Melbourne, Australia | National  |, USA|

Related Societies

IFRC Reference Centre for Psychosocial Support, Journal of the American Society of Hypertension, Austrian Heart Foundation, British Cardiovascular Society, British Heart Foundation, British Hypertension Society, Irish Nurses Cardiovascular Association, European Society of Hypertension, European Stroke Organisation,  Albanian Society of Cardiology, Bosnia and Herzegovina Society of Hypertension, European Society of Hypertension| Mental Health Innovation Network, Mental Health Worldwide, Centre for Global Mental Health, The World Health Organization Mental Health programme, World Federation for Mental Health, The Gulbenkian Global Mental Health Platform, Society for Public Health Education, Global Public Health Program, Mental Health and Psycho-Social Support Network, Movement for Global Mental Health.

Track 18: Public Health & Infectious diseases

Infectious diseases are a major concern for the public health because despite some predictions, they remain the leading causes of death globally. There have been some staggering impacts of the HIV/AIDS, malaria and tuberculosis epidemics globally. Furthermore, the emergence of previously unrecognised pathogens and the threat of resistant pathogens have collective put everyone’s attention towards the importance of public health and also the requirement of well trained professionals in infectious diseases. The diseases are generally caused by the pathogenic microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses, parasites or fungi can spread, directly or indirectly, from one individual to another. The role of Infectious disease epidemiology is to monitor the emergence of infectious diseases and develop strategies for control and prevention of diseases. Traditional epidemiologic methods as well as methods such as mathematical modelling are used for analysis. Knowledge in laboratory techniques for the identification and quantification of infectious agents as well as clinical and biological features of important infectious diseases are required of the epidemiologists dealing with infectious diseases.

Recommended Conferences

Hypertension Meetings Europe| World Hypertension Meeting | Stroke Meetings | Hypertension Conferences 2018 | Stroke Congress 2018 USA | Heart Disease Events 2018|

5th International Conference on Hypertension & Healthcare, October 18-19, 2018 Abu Dhabi, UAE | 3rd Annual Cardiovascular Diseases 2018, August 20-21,Toronto, Canada| International Conference On Hypertension & International Cardiology Summit, October 01-03, 2018, Las Vegas, USA| Hypertension Beijing 2018, September 20-23, 2018| 4th European Forum on Hypertension, Gdynia, May 10-12, 2018| 4th International Conference on Hypertension & Healthcare, September 10-11, 2018 Zurich, Switzerland|

Related Societies

International Society for Clinical Laboratory Technology, American Occupational Therapy Association, American Society of Extra-Corporeal Technology, American Association of Colleges of Pharmacy, American Academy of Physician Assistants, Asian Pacific Society of Hypertension,  Turkish Society of Hypertension and Atherosclerosis, Cameroon Heart Foundation, High Blood Pressure Research Council of Australia, Bosnia and Herzegovina Society of Hypertension, Belorussian Scientific Society of Cardiologists, British Association of Nursing in Cardiovascular Care American Association of Naturopathic Physicians, European Society of Hypertension, American Holistic Health Association ,American Association of Nurse Anaesthetists, Society for Nutrition Education.

Track 19: Diabetes & Public Health

Diabetes is considered as a major public health issue which is emerging as a pandemic. In 1995, an estimated 135 million people had diagnosed diabetes worldwide and by 2025, the projected number is expected to reach at least 300 million. In developed countries the number of diabetes affected individuals will increase by from 51 million to 72 million and in developing countries the number are expected to rise from 84 million to a staggering 228 million. Insulin resistance, physical inactivity, obesity, and dietary factors are a few potentially modifiable risk issues associated with diabetes. Although there are various types of diabetes, it is generally categorised into 3 major types. Type 1 diabetes is the one in which the body loses its ability to produce insulin. Type 2 diabetes occurs due to a combination of resistance to insulin and insufficient insulin production. Gestational diabetes is the third major type of diabetes. A common complication during pregnancy, it can lead to perinatal complications in mother and child and significantly increases the chances of caesarean section. It is also considered as a risk factor for the mother and the child’s subsequent development of type 2 diabetes later in life after the affected pregnancy. Visits from public health individuals are necessary as some patients require regular insulin injections. If left untreated diabetes can lead to various other diseases and at sometimes it can be as severe as a potential life risk for the patient. Diabetes also poses greater difficulty in treatment of other diseases as diabetic patients require very specific medications.

Recommended Conferences

Stroke Meeting 2018 Europe | Stroke Meetings Middle East| Hypertension Conferences 2018 | World Hypertension Meeting | Heart Congress France | Stroke Congress 2018 USA | Cardiology Conferences | Hypertension Conferences Middle East | Heart Congress Asia Pacific | Hypertension Meetings 2018 | Stroke Meetings | Heart Conferences 2018 | Heart Congress Asia Pacific |  Hypertension Congress Europe|

4th International 4 Corners of Cardiology Meeting, February 09-10, 2018 Melbourne |  Heart HKSTENT-CICF, March 16-18, 2018 Hong Kong | 23rd European Heart Failure Summit, February 19-21, 2018 Paris, France| 27th European Cardiology Conferences, October 19-21, 2018 Rome Italy | 24th Annual Cardiologists Conference, June 11-13, 2018 Barcelona, Spain| 3rd Cardiovascular Conferences, July 05-06, 2018, Berlin, Germany| 26th Cardiology Case Reports Conferences, July 05-06, 2018, Berlin, Germany| Cardiology Events Middle East 2018| The 5th International Conference on Prehypertension, Australia| Frontiers in Cardiovascular Biology April 20-22, 2018 Austria Center, Vienna | 3rd World Hypertension Meet 2018, April 19-20, Amsterdam,  Hypertension Meetings 2018| Asian Pacific Society of Cardiology Conference2018 (APSC 2018), May 17-20, 2018| 22nd World  |, December 11-12, 2017 Rome, Italy| National  |, USA| Global Hypertension Workshop and Cardio Metabolic Syndrome, 22-25 February, 2018 Venice, Italy | ISH 2018 Scientific Meeting – Beijing, September 20-23, 2018 Beijing, China|

Related Societies

American Association of Naturopathic Physicians, Interamerican Society of Cardiology, American Holistic Health Association, International Society for Clinical Laboratory Technology, American Association of Nurse Anesthetists, Society for Nutrition Education, American Occupational Therapy Association, American Society of Extra-Corporeal Technology, Polish Cardiac Society, American Association of Colleges of Pharmacy, American Academy of Physician Assistants, American Podiatric Medical Association, Association of Schools and Programs of Public Health, National Rural Health Association, Society for Diagnostic Medical Sonographers, American College of Sports Medicine, American Art Therapy Association.

Track 20: Biomedical & Health Informatics

Health informatics or Health Information Technology is defined as information engineering applied to the field of health care. It involves the management and healthcare information of patients. Health IT is regarded as a multidisciplinary field, using health information technology to improve health care with any combination of high quality, high efficiency and new opportunities. The aim is to incur lower cost and thus greater availability. Computer science, Information science, behavioral science, social science, management science, etc. come under the involved disciplines in Health Informatics. Health informatics involves the study of design, development, adoption and application of IT-based innovations in healthcare services planning, management and delivery. Computers, information and communication systems, clinical guidelines, and formal medical terminologies amongst others are the tools required for Health informatics. The applicable areas for health informatics are pharmacy, dentistry, nursing, clinical medicine, public health, physical therapy, occupational therapy, biomedical research, and alternative medicine. All of these areas are designed to increase the overall effectiveness of patient care by ensuring high quality of generated data for the analysis.

Recommended Conferences

Hypertension Meetings 2018 | Hypertension Conferences Europe | Cardiology Workshops 2018| Heart Congress Asia Pacific | World Hypertension Meeting | Stroke Congress 2018 USA | Hypertension Conferences 2018 | Public Health Meetings  2018| Stroke Meetings Europe| Meetings on Hypertension| Cardiology Conferences | Heart Congress Europe

27th European Cardiology Conferences, October 19-21, 2018 Rome Italy| Hypertension Events Europe| 3rd Cardiovascular Conferences, July 05-06, 2018, Berlin, Germany|3rd World Heart Congress, April 19-20, 2018 Amsterdam|   Asian Pacific Society of Cardiology Conference2018 (APSC 2018), May 17-20, 2018 | ISH 2018 Scientific Meeting – Beijing | 26th Cardiology Case Reports Conferences, July 05-06, 2018, Berlin, Germany| Heart HKSTENT-CICF, March 16-18, 2018 Hong Kong| 24th Annual Cardiologists Conference, June 11-13, 2018 Barcelona, Spain| The 5th International Conference on Prehypertension| Frontiers in Cardiovascular Biology April 20-22, 2018 Austria Center, Vienna| September 20-23, 2018 Beijing, China| 4th International 4 Corners of Cardiology Meeting, February 09-10, 2018 Melbourne, Australia| Heart Failure Events Middle East | National  |, USA| Hypertension and Cardio Metabolic Syndrome, 22-25 February, 2018 Venice | 23rd European Heart Failure Congress, February 19-21, 2018 Paris, France|

Related Societies

American Physical Therapy Association, National Board for Respiratory Care, Inc., American Association of Blood Banks, American Association for Clinical Chemistry, Health Sciences Communications Association, American Dental Association, American Public Health Organization, Association of Public Health Laboratories, American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, Association of State and Territorial Health Officials, Association of Schools of Public Health, California Association of Public Health Laboratory Directors, Caribbean Epidemiology Centre, Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists, National Association of County and City Health Officials, The Public Health Foundation, Pan American Health Organization, National Institutes of Health ,Pan American Health Organization, National Institutes of Health , Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, European Public Health Association, American Association of Public Health Physicians, Local health departments in the United States, National Association of County and City Health Officials, Congenital Cardiac Anaesthesia Society, Primary Care Diabetes Society, Northwest Association of Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Rehabilitation, Hypertension Canada, Pulmonary Hypertension Association, Heart and Stroke Foundation of Canada, ESC Member National Cardiac Societies, The Public Health Foundation.

Track 21: Nursing & Hospital Management

Public health nursing or community health nursing is a specialty of nursing focused on public health. The primary role of Public health nurses or community health nurses is to combine community association and knowledge about the entire population with their personal, medical understandings of the health and illness experiences of people and families within the population. The work of Public health nurses is within communities and they focus on different areas to improve the overall health of the people within that community. Areas of employment include school districts, county or state health departments, and departments of correction. Their aim is to look for areas of concerns within the community and to plan ways to minimize the concerned issue for the community. Public health nurses work on various health concerns such as infection control, health coaching, health management, home care visits for welfare etc.

Recommended Conferences

Stroke Meeting 2018 Europe | World Hypertension Meeting | Stroke Congress 2018 USA |Stroke Meetings | Heart Congress Europe | Hypertension Meetings  2018|Cardiology Conferences | Hypertension Workshops| Hypertension Conferences Europe | Hypertension Conferences Middle East |  Hypertension Conferences 2018 |

23rd European Heart Failure Congress, February 19-21, 2018 Paris, France| The 5th International Cardiac arrest Meetings 2018 | Frontiers in Cardiovascular Biology April 20-22, 2018 Austria Center, Vienna| Stroke Congress France | 3rd World Heart Congress, April 19-20, 2018 Amsterdam | Hypertension Conference 2018| Asian Pacific Society of Cardiology Conference2018 (APSC 2018), May 17-20, 2018| 22nd World  |, December 11-12, 2017 Rome, Italy| National  |, USA| Hypertension and Cardio Metabolic Syndrome| Heart Congress France,  22-25 February, 2018 Venice, Italy |  | USA | 24th Annual Cardiologists Conference, June 11-13, 2018 Barcelona, Spain| 4th International 4 Corners of Cardiology Meeting, February 09-10, 2018 Melbourne, Australia| 27th European Cardiology Conferences, October 19-21, 2018 Rome Italy| Heart Conferences 2018 | 3rd Cardiovascular Conferences, July 05-06, 2018, Berlin, Germany| 26th Cardiology Case Reports Conferences, July 05-06, 2018, Berlin, Germany| Heart HKSTENT-CICF, March 16-18, 2018 Hong Kong | 27th European Cardiology Congress, October 19-21, 2018 Rome Italy | 3rd Cardiovascular Disease Events 2018, July 05-06, 2018, Berlin, Germany | 27th European Global Mental Health Congress, October 19-21, 2018 Rome Italy| 3rd Cardiovascular Conferences, July 05-06, 2018, Berlin, Germany|

Related Societies

American Physical Therapy Association, National Board for Respiratory Care, Inc., American Association of Blood  Banks, American Association for Clinical Chemistry, Health Sciences Communications Association, American Dental Association, American Public Health Organization, Association of Public Health Laboratories, American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, Association of State and Territorial Health Officials, The Japanese Society of Hypertension, Association of Schools of Public Health, California Association of Public Health Laboratory Directors, Caribbean Epidemiology Centre, Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists, National Association of County and City Health Officials, The Public Health Foundation, Pan American Health Organization, National Institutes of Health.

Track 22: Social & Economic Aspects of Hypertension & Public Health

Hypertension or high blood pressure has been termed as the leading cause of cardiovascular mortality by The World Health Organization. According to the World Hypertension League, more than 50% of the hypertensive population worldwide are unaware of their condition. In 2005, the World Hypertension League began a worldwide awareness campaign on hypertension and they assigned May 17 as World Hypertension Day in order to address such issues. In USA, hypertension is the most common chronic medical issue resulting visits to primary health care providers. As estimated by the American Heart Association, the direct and indirect costs of high blood pressure in 2010 were $76.6 billion. According to reports in The USA, approximately 80% of people affected with hypertension are aware of their condition and 71% are taking some antihypertensive medication. Proper management of hypertension is often hampered by inadequate diagnosis, treatment, or control of high bold pressure. Healthcare professionals face difficulties in controlling blood pressure of patients due to resistance shown in taking multiple medications by their biological system. People affected with hypertension also face great difficulty in adaptation to their new lifestyle and medications. Public health deals with all the diseases and conditions that may affect the people. Public health officials are keen in their approach to deliver better diagnosis, treatment and care to people. For that the government is spending significant amount of money each year in research and development of medicines and new treatment methods in order to effectively and efficiently counter the emerging issues in public health. Awareness programs have been initiated by the government to increase the awareness among people about public health and its importance. Moreover, people are receiving necessary knowledge about various diseases. An active participation from both ends is required to effectively neutralize the epidemics.

Recommended Conferences

Hypertension Conference 2018 | Heart Congress Europe | World Hypertension Meeting | Stroke Congress 2018 USA | Stroke Meeting 2018 Europe | Hypertension Conferences Middle East | Hypertension Conferences 2018 | Heart Congress France | Hypertension Events Middle East | Cardiology Conference2018| Heart Disease Congress Middle East|

The 5th International Conference on Prehypertension, Australia| Frontiers in Cardiovascular Biology April 20-22, 2018 Austria Center, Vienna| 3rd World Heart Congress, April 19-20, 2018 Amsterdam |  Asian Pacific Society of Cardiology Conference2018 (APSC 2018), May 17-20, 2018| Cardiology Conferences |  22nd World Heart Disease Conferences 2018, December 11-12, 2017 Rome, Italy| National  |, USA| Hypertension Meetings 2018 | Hypertension and Cardio Metabolic Syndrome, 22-25 February, 2018 Venice, Italy | ISH 2018 Scientific Meeting – Beijing, September 20-23, 2018 Beijing, China| 4th International 4 Corners of Cardiology Meeting, February 09-10, 2018 Melbourne, Heart HKSTENT-CICF, March 16-18, 2018 Hong Kong| Heart Disease Symposiums 2018| 23rd European Heart Failure Congress, February 19-21, 2018 Paris, France | 27th European Cardiology Congress, October 19-21, 2018 Rome Italy| | 24th Annual Cardiologists Conference, June 11-13, 2018 Barcelona, Spain| 3rd Cardiovascular Conferences, July 05-06, 2018, Berlin, Germany| 26th Cardiology Case Reports Conferences, July 05-06, 2018, Berlin, Germany|

Related Societies

Health Sciences Communications Association, American Dental Association, American Public Health Organization, Association of Public Health Laboratories, American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, Association of State and Territorial Health Officials, Polish Cardiac Society, Association of Schools of Public Health, California Association of Public Health Laboratory Directors, Caribbean Epidemiology Centre, Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists, National Association of County and City Health Officials, The Public Health Foundation, Pan American Health Organization, National Institutes of Health, International Society of Hypertension, American Physical Therapy Association, National Board for Respiratory Care, Inc., American Association of Blood Banks, American Association for Clinical Chemistry.

Track 23: Healthcare & Technologies

Treatment of high blood pressure is an extended approach which includes medication, diet changes, and physical exercise. High blood pressure is dangerous to health as it leads to heart attack, stroke, heart failure, or kidney disease. As there are rarely any specific symptoms involved, generally it is not identifiable until proper medical diagnosis done by a physician or catastrophic complication such as stroke or heart attack exhibited due to hypertension. It is essential for people above 40 years of age to have a proper diagnosis by blood pressure measurements on monthly basis. Several causes such as diabetes, obesity, kidney disease, aging, etc. are associated with hypertension. Kidney diseases are the leading cause of secondary hypertension and also lead to secondary hypertension in children and adolescents passed from their mother during the time of pregnancy. A hypertension treatment aims at lowering high blood pressure thereby reducing the occurrence of stroke, heart attack, and heart failure and protecting important organs such as the brain, heart, and kidneys from damage.

Recommended Conferences

Cardiology Symposiums| Heart Congress France | World Hypertension Meeting | Stroke Congress 2018 USA | Stroke Meeting 2018 Europe | Stroke Meetings | Cardiology Conferences | Hypertension Conferences Middle East | Stroke Congress France | | Stroke Meetings Middle East 2018| Hypertension Conferences 2018 | Hypertension Conferences Europe | Heart Congress Europe |

24th Annual Cardiologists Conference | June 11-13, 2018 Barcelona, SpainHeart HKSTENT-CICF, March 16-18, 2018 Hong Kong| Frontiers in Cardiovascular Biology April 20-22, 2018 Austria Center, Vienna| Cardiology Congress| ISH 2018 Scientific Meeting – Beijing, September 20-23, 2018 Beijing, China| 3rd Cardiovascular Conferences, July 05-06, 2018, Berlin, Germany| Heart Conferences 2018 | 26th Cardiology Case Reports Conferences, July 05-06, 2018, Berlin, Germany| 27th European Cardiology Congress, October 19-21, 2018 Rome Italy| National  |, USA| Hypertension Meetings USA| The 5th International Conference on Prehypertension, Hypertension and Cardio Metabolic Syndrome, 22-25 February, 2018 Venice, Italy| 22nd World  |, December 11-12, 2017 Rome, Italy| Asian Pacific Society of Cardiology Conference2018 (APSC 2018), May 17-20, 2018| 4th International Cardiology Meeting 2018, February 09-10, 2018 Melbourne, Australia| 23rd Global Hypertension Congress, February 19-21, 2018 Paris, France| 3rd World Heart Congress, April 19-20, 2018 Amsterdam,  Hypertension Conference 2018 |

Related Societies

Mental Health Worldwide, Centre for Global Mental Health, The World Health Organization Mental Health programme, World Federation for Mental Health, The Gulbenkian Global Mental Health Platform, IFRC Reference Centre for Psychosocial Support, Sarah Boseley's global health blog + Maternal health, Maternal Health and Maternal Mortality, Rethinking maternal health, Society and Public Health, Public Health Agency of Canada , Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Centre for Health Protection, National Center for disease control, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Instituto Nacional de Salud, National Center for Disease Prevention and Control.

Track 24: Health care and technologies

Healthcare technology also known as Health IT, defined as the application of collective knowledge and skills in the form of medicines, vaccines, devices, procedures and systems developed to solve a health issue and improve quality of lives. Health IT intends to provide earlier diagnosis, less intrusive treatment options and reduction in hospital stays and rehabilitation time for patients. Using such technology, public health providers are able to get data specified to individuals and they are able to implement specific treatments on each and every individual separately and effectively. During this session, we aim to discuss the recent innovations and research topics on healthcare technologies.

Recommended Conferences

Heart Congress Europe | Hypertension Conferences Europe | World Hypertension Meeting | Stroke Congress 2018 USA | Hypertension Conferences 2018| Hypertension Congress Middle East 2018|  Heart Congress France |  Stroke Symposiums 2018 | Hypertension Meetings 2018 | Stroke Meeting 2018 Europe | Heart Failure Congress 2018| Cardiology Conference Asia 2018|

26th Cardiology Case Reports Conferences, July 05-06, 2018, Berlin, Germany| 27th European Cardiology Congress, October 19-21, 2018 Rome Italy| Heart HKSTENT-CICF, March 16-18, 2018 Hong Kong| Frontiers in Cardiovascular Biology April 20-22, 2018 Austria Center, Vienna| Stroke Meetings | The 5th International Conference on Prehypertension, Hypertension and Cardio Metabolic Syndrome, 22-25 February, 2018 Venice, Italy|  23rd Heart Failure Event  France 2018 | February 19-21| 3rd World Heart Congress, April 19-20, 2018 Amsterdam,  Hypertension Conference 2018| 24th Annual Cardiologists Conference, June 11-13, 2018 Barcelona, Spain| Hypertension Conferences Middle East | Asian Pacific Society of Cardiology Conference2018 (APSC 2018), May 17-20, 2018 Cardiology Conferences | ISH 2018 Scientific Meeting – Beijing, September 20-23, 2018 Beijing, China|   4th International 4 Corners of Cardiology Meeting, February 09-10, 2018 Melbourne, Australia| | National  |, USA 22nd International Hypertension Workshop, December 11-12, 2017 Rome, Italy| 3rd Cardiovascular Conferences, July 05-06, 2018, Berlin, Germany|

Related Societies

National Board for Respiratory Care, Inc., American Association of Blood Banks, American Association for Clinical Chemistry, Health Sciences Communications Association, American Dental Association, Interamerican Society of Cardiology, American Public Health Organization, Association of Public Health Laboratories, Journal of the American Society of Hypertension, American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, Association of State and Territorial Health Officials, Association of Schools of Public Health, California Association of Public Health Laboratory Directors, Caribbean Epidemiology Centre, Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists, National Association of County and City Health Officials, The Public Health Foundation, Pan American Health Organization, National Institutes of Health, ESC Member National Cardiac Societies.